USULAN PERBAIKAN KUALITAS PADA PENGOLAHAN KIRIMAN POS REGULER MENGGUNAKAN METODE FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS DAN FAULT TREE ANALYSIS (Studi Kasus pada Sentral Pengolahan Pos Yogyakarta 55400)

PARISYA, LAN LANDRA (2025) USULAN PERBAIKAN KUALITAS PADA PENGOLAHAN KIRIMAN POS REGULER MENGGUNAKAN METODE FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS DAN FAULT TREE ANALYSIS (Studi Kasus pada Sentral Pengolahan Pos Yogyakarta 55400). Skripsi thesis, UPN Veteran Yogyakarta.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK
Sentral Pengolahan Pos (SPP) Yogyakarta 55400 adalah sebuah unit dari PT
Pos Indonesia sebagai pusat pengolahan untuk surat, paket, dan barang kiriman
lainnya. SPP Yogyakarta 55400 terletak di Jl. Plemburan No.7, Sedan, Sariharjo,
Kec. Ngaglik, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Di sini,
pengolahan meliputi proses penerimaan, pemilahan, dan pengiriman kembali
kiriman sesuai dengan tujuan yang ditentukan. Berdasarkan data pada periode 18
minggu yaitu 30 Desember 2024 – 4 Mei 2025 pada layanan pengiriman Pos
Reguler, diketahui bahwa SPP 55400 Yogyakarta melakukan proses pengiriman
outgoing sebanyak 326.609 kiriman. Dari keseluruhan barang yang dikirim pada
kategori produk Pos Reguler, didapatkan 261 kiriman yang mengalami
penyimpangan dalam rentang waktu 18 minggu tersebut. Jenis barang
penyimpangan yang terjadi meliputi gagal x-ray, kantung basah, kiriman rusak,
salah salur kiriman, salah tempel resi, selisih kurang berat kiriman, selisih kurang
item kiriman, dan lain-lain. Dengan 6 penyimpangan teratas dengan persentase
76,90% yaitu salah salur kirim (44,60%), retur barang (8,43%), kiriman rusak
(8,03%), keterlambatan kiriman (7,63%), gagal X-Ray (4,82%), dan selisih kurang
item (4,02%).
Metode FTA digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi akar penyebab
penyimpangan secara deduktif melalui pemetaan struktur sebab-akibat, sedangkan
metode FMEA diterapkan untuk menilai tingkat risiko dari masing-masing jenis
penyimpangan berdasarkan nilai Severity, Occurrence, dan Detection. Hasil FMEA
menunjukkan bahwa beberapa jenis penyimpangan memiliki nilai Risk Priority
Number (RPN) yang tinggi dan memerlukan prioritas penanganan. Melalui
pendekatan ini, diharapkan perusahaan dapat mengetahui letak titik kritis dalam
proses pengiriman dan menyusun strategi perbaikan yang lebih tepat sasaran guna
meningkatkan kualitas layanan pengiriman. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui 6
jenis penyimpangan yang terjadi pada layanan pengiriman Pos Reguler, dan
menghasilkan RPN tertinggi pertama yaitu salah salur kirim dengan nilai RPN 671,
retur barang dengan nilai RPN 450, kiriman rusak dengan nilai RPN 402, kiriman
terlambat dengan RPN 297, gagal x-ray dengan RPN 258, dan selisih kurang item
kiriman dengan RPN 158. Usulan perbaikan ditemukan berdasarkan nilai RPN
cause effect tertinggi pada masing-masing dari 6 penyimpangan tersebut.
Kata Kunci : Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis,
Penyimpangan, Pengendalian Kualitas, Risk Priority Number
xii
ABSTRACT
Sentral Pengolahan Pos (SPP) Yogyakarta 55400 is a unit of PT Pos
Indonesia as a processing center for letters, packages, and other consignments. SPP
Yogyakarta 55400 is located at Jl. Plemburan No.7, Sedan, Sariharjo, Ngaglik Sub
district, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. Here, processing includes the
process of receiving, sorting, and sending back shipments according to the specified
destination. Based on data for an 18-week period, namely December 30, 2024 -
May 4, 2025 in the Pos Reguler delivery service, it is known that SPP 55400
Yogyakarta carried out the outgoing delivery process of 326,609 shipments. Of all
the goods sent in the Pos Reguler product category, 261 shipments were found to
have deviations in the 18-week time span. The types of irregularities that occurred
included failed x-rays, wet bags, damaged shipments, misrouted shipments,
misplaced receipts, shipment weight differences, shipment item differences, and
others. With the top 6 deviations with a percentage of 76.90%, namely wrong
delivery (44.60%), returned goods (8.43%), damaged shipments (8.03%), late
shipments (7.63%), X-Ray failure (4.82%), and item shortage (4.02%).
The FTA method is used to deductively identify the root causes of deviations
through cause-and-effect structure mapping, while the FMEA method is applied to
assess the risk level of each type of deviation based on Severity, Occurrence, and
Detection values. The FMEA results show that some types of deviations have high
Risk Priority Number (RPN) values and require priority handling. Through this
approach, it is expected that the company can find out where the critical points are
in the delivery process and develop a more targeted improvement strategy to
improve the quality of delivery services. The results of this study found 6 types of
irregularities that occurred in the Regular Post delivery service, and resulted in the
first highest RPN, namely misrouted shipments with an RPN value of 671, returned
goods with an RPN value of 450, damaged shipments with an RPN value of 402,
late shipments with an RPN of 297, failed x-rays with an RPN of 258, and less
difference in shipment items with an RPN of 158. Proposed improvements were
found based on the highest cause effect RPN value on each of the 6 deviations.
Keywords: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, Deviation,
Quality Control, Risk Priority Number
xiii

Item Type: Tugas Akhir (Skripsi)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, Deviation, Quality Control, Risk Priority Number
Subjek: H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor
Divisions: Fakultas Teknik Industri > (S1) Teknik Industri
Depositing User: Eko Yuli
Date Deposited: 09 Oct 2025 06:25
Last Modified: 09 Oct 2025 06:26
URI: http://eprints.upnyk.ac.id/id/eprint/44171

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