Tunissa, Kholifah (2023) PENGENDALIAN KEBISINGAN UNTUK MENGURANGI RISIKO CIDERA DENGAN METODE MACROERGONOMIC ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (MEAD) (Studi Kasus pada CV. Putra Sari Logam, Ceper, Klaten, Jawa Tengah). Other thesis, UPN "Veteran" Yogyajarta.
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Abstract
1
ABSTRAK
CV. Putra Sari Logam merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak
dibidang manufaktur pengecoran logam. Pada proses produksi di pabrik 2
menggunakan banyak mesin. Mesin-mesin tersebut menimbulkan suara yang bising
jika sedang dioperasikan, dengan kebisingan melebihi NAB yaitu 85 dB.
Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan kuisioner dari 16 pekerja yang ada di pabrik 2,
semua pekerja merasa terganggu. Pekerja sejumlah 11 orang menyatakan bahwa
akibat dari kebisingan tersebut menimbulkan rasa mudah lelah, 9 pekerja
menyatakan sulit berkonsentrasi dalam bekerja, 10 pekerja menyatakan sulit
berkomunikasi, serta 9 pekerja menyatakan merasa mudah sakit kepala/pusing.
Pekerja sebanyak 16 orang, 10 orang bekerja pada stasiun pemesinan sehingga
terpapar pada jarak 0,5 meter dari sumber suara. Pekerja sebanyak 6 orang berada
pada stasiun finishing yaitu 2 pekerja bagian pendempulan, 2 pekerja bagian
pengecatan, serta 2 pekerja bagian pengepakkan terpapar pada jarak 2 sampai 5
meter dari sumber suara.
Perbaikan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode macroergonomic
analysis and design (MEAD) yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki sistem kerja
dengan mengurangi tingkat kebisingan yang diterima oleh pekerja sehingga
terhindar dari risiko cidera. Keluhan pekerja juga didapatkan dari kegiatan
kuisioner, serta kondisi lingkungan kerja bising dibuktikan dengan pengukuran
secara langsung.
Hasil dari penelitian ini, besar paparan kebisingan yang diterima pekerja
selama 8 jam kerja ketika sebelum dilakukan perbaikan mencapai nilai terbesar
yaitu 662%, sedangkan yang terkecil yaitu 109%. Besar paparan kebisingan setelah
dilakukan perbaikan mencapai nilai yang terbesar yaitu 154%, sedangkan nilai
terkecilnya yaitu 31%. Pengendalian kebisingan untuk mengurangi terjadinya
risiko cidera dengan metode MEAD dihasilkan alternatif terpilih yaitu alternatif 2
terkait penggunaan APD berupa ear plug (nilai Actual NRR sebesar 9 dB) dan ear
muff (nilai Actual NRR sebesar 10,5 dB) setiap mesin sedang beroperasi. Alternatif
terpilih kedua yaitu alternatif 3 terkait pengadaan fasilitas pada pabrik 2 seperti
display peringatan bahaya kebisingan, display penggunaan ear plug/ear muff yang
baik dan benar, serta noise mapping, dimana dengan adanya hal tersebut diharapkan
dapat meningkatkan kewaspadaan pekerja terhadap bahaya kebisingan pada
lingkungan kerjanya.
Kata kunci: Kebisingan, Ergonomi makro, Metode Macroergonomic Analysis and
Design (MEAD)
2
ABSTRACT
CV. Putra Sari Logam is a company engaged in metal casting
manufacturing. In the production process at factory 2 using a lot of machines. These
machines produce a loud noise when in operation, with noise exceeding the NAV of
85 dB. Based on the results of interviews and questionnaires from 16 workers in
factory 2, all workers felt disturbed. Eleven workers stated that the noise caused
them to feel tired easily, 9 workers said it was difficult to concentrate at work, 10
workers said it was difficult to communicate, and 9 workers said they felt
headaches/dizziness easily. There are 16 workers, 10 of whom work at the
machining station so that they are exposed to a distance of 0.5 meters from the
sound source. As many as 6 workers are at the finishing station, namely 2 workers
in the caulking section, 2 workers in the painting section, and 2 workers in the
packing section, exposed at a distance of 2 to 5 meters from the sound source.
Improvements in this study used the macroergonomic analysis and design
(MEAD) method which aims to improve the work system by reducing the noise level
received by workers so as to avoid the risk of injury. Workers' complaints were also
obtained from questionnaire activities, as well as noisy work environment
conditions as evidenced by direct measurements.
The results of this study, the amount of noise exposure received by workers
during 8 hours of work when before repairs were carried out reached the largest
value, namely 662%, while the smallest was 109%. The amount of exposure to noise
after repairs reached the largest value of 154%, while the smallest value was 31%.
Noise control to reduce the risk of injury with the MEAD method resulted in the
selected alternative, namely alternative 2 related to the use of PPE in the form of
ear plugs (Actual NRR value of 9 dB) and ear muffs (Actual NRR value of 10.5 dB)
every time the machine is operating. The second chosen alternative is alternative 3
related to the provision of facilities at factory 2 such as noise hazard warning
displays, displays of good and correct use of ear plugs/ear muffs, and noise
mapping, whereby this is expected to increase worker awareness of noise hazards
in their work environment.
Keywords: Noise, macro ergonomics, macroergonomic analysis and design
(MEAD) method
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Noise, macro ergonomics, macroergonomic analysis and design (MEAD) method |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Engineering Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Eko Yuli |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jun 2023 02:45 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jun 2023 02:46 |
| URI: | http://eprints.upnyk.ac.id/id/eprint/36086 |
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