Potential Utilization of Bacterial Consortium of Symbionts Marine Sponges in Removing Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals, Review

Marzuki, Ismail and Rosmiati, Rosmiati and Mustafa, Akhmad and Sahabuddin, Sahabuddin and Tarunamulia, Tarunamulia and Susianingsih, Endang and Hendrajat, Erfan Andi and Sahrijanna, Andi and Muslimin, Muslimin and Ratnawati, Erna and Kamariah, Kamariah and Nisaa, Khairun and HERLAMBANG, Susila and Gunawan, Sri and Santi, Idum Satia and Isnawan, Bambang Heri and Kaseng, Ernawati Syahruddin and Septiningsih, Early and Asaf, Ruzkiah and Athirah, Admi and Basri, Basri (2023) Potential Utilization of Bacterial Consortium of Symbionts Marine Sponges in Removing Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals, Review. MDPI.

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Potential Utilization of Bacterial Consortium of Symbionts Marine Sponges in Removing Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals, Review
by Ismail Marzuki 1,*ORCID,Rosmiati Rosmiati 2ORCID,Akhmad Mustafa 2,Sahabuddin Sahabuddin 2,Tarunamulia Tarunamulia 2ORCID,Endang Susianingsih 2,Erfan Andi Hendrajat 2,Andi Sahrijanna 2,Muslimin Muslimin 2,Erna Ratnawati 2,Kamariah Kamariah 2,Khairun Nisaa 2ORCID,Susila Herlambang 3ORCID,Sri Gunawan 4,Idum Satia Santi 4,Bambang Heri Isnawan 5ORCID,Ernawati Syahruddin Kaseng 6,Early Septiningsih 7,Ruzkiah Asaf 7,Admi Athirah 7 andadd Show full author list
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Fajar University, Makassar 90231, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
2
Research Center for Fishery National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
3
Soil Science Departement of Agriculture Faculty Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran, Yogyakarta 55283, DI Yogyakarta, Indonesia
4
Department of Agrotechnology, Institut Pertanian Stiper, Yogyakarta 55283, DI Yogyakarta, Indonesia
5
Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Bantul 55183, DI Yogyakarta, Indonesia
6
Agricultural Technology Education Department, Faculty of Engineering, Makassar State University, Makassar 90222, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
7
Research Center for Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
8
Institute of Health Science (STIK), Makassar 90231, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biology 2023, 12(1), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12010086
Received: 27 September 2022 / Revised: 17 November 2022 / Accepted: 8 December 2022 / Published: 5 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Environmental Biotechnology (AEB))
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Simple Summary
Marine waters are the most susceptible to exposure to contaminants, specifically polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals that are poisonous and carcinogenic. On the other hand, a marine environment can provide various natural materials that can perform biodegradation and biosorption. This research seeks to investigate various species of symbiotic sponge bacteria and assess the feasibility of developing bacterial consortium formulations for the remediation of these hazardous contaminants. Several species of symbiotic sponge bacteria are capable of biodegrading polyaromatic compounds. According to the search and analysis results, several species of symbiotic sponge bacteria have the potential to biodegrade polyaromatic compounds, such as naphthalene, anthracene, and pyrene. Other sponge symbiont bacteria or bacteria isolated from the same sponge can also be used for the biosorption of heavy metals. The ability of the symbiotic sponge bacteria to be formulated as a consortium of bacteria for pollutant remediation applications, which we refer to as the metallohydrocarbonoclastic formula, is another feature that sets them apart. The proposed use is a bioremediation approach that the community can implement to the isolation processes, such as the remediation of contaminants in water used for fish farming and shrimp plotting methods, including in ponds, to provide aquaculture products free of toxic pollutants.
Abstract
Toxic materials in waste generally contain several components of the global trending pollutant category, especially PAHs and heavy metals. Bioremediation technology for waste management that utilizes microorganisms (bacteria) has not been fully capable of breaking down these toxic materials into simple and environmentally friendly chemical products. This review paper examines the potential application of a consortium of marine sponge symbionts with high performance and efficiency in removing PAHs and heavy metal contaminants. The method was carried out through a review of several related research articles by the author and published by other researchers. The results of the study conclude that the development of global trending pollutant (GTP) bioremediation technology could be carried out to increase the efficiency of remediation. Several types of marine sponge symbiont bacteria, hydrocarbonoclastic (R-1), metalloclastic (R-2), and metallo-hydro-carbonoclastic (R-3), have the potential to be applied to improve waste removal performance. A consortium of crystalline bacterial preparations is required to mobilize into GTP-exposed sites rapidly. Bacterial symbionts of marine sponges can be traced mainly to sea sponges, whose body surface is covered with mucus.
Keywords: removal; PAHs; heavy metals; marine sponges; bacterial consortium

Item Type:	Other
Uncontrolled Keywords:	removal; PAHs; heavy metals; marine sponges; bacterial consortium
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Civil Engineering and the Environment
Depositing User:	Dr.Ir.MSi SUSILA HERLAMBANG
Date Deposited:	07 Apr 2023 12:00
Last Modified:	07 Apr 2023 12:08
URI:	http://eprints.upnyk.ac.id/id/eprint/33597

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