SYAIFULLOH, AAN (2022) PEMBUATAN MATERIAL KATODA NICKEL MANGANESE COBALT (NMC) DARI LARUTAN PREKURSOR DAN LEACHATE BATERAI BEKAS DENGAN METODE FLAME ASSISTED SPRAY PYROLYSIS. Other thesis, UPN 'Veteran" Yogyakarta.
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Abstract
v
ABSTRAK
Proses daur ulang baterai bekas dan recovery ion logam pada katoda
menjadi salah satu proses efektif untuk menekan angka limbah baterai yang menjadi
masalah serius karena mengandung zat berbahaya dan sifatnya yang beracun bagi
lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini, daur ulang katoda baterai bekas melibatkan proses
pre-treatment, hydrometallurgy, molarity adjustment, dan sintesis dengan metode
flame assisted spray pyrolysis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk sintesis nanopartikel
katoda baterai dari leachate baterai bekas menggunakan asam anorganik dan
organik.
Proses pre-treatment baterai diawali dengan discharge, dismantling,
separation katoda, kominusi, sieving, dan heat treatment (kalsinasi) guna
menghilangkan pengikat (binder). Recovery ion logam Li, Ni, Mn, dan Co
memanfaatkan ekstraksi dengan metode hydrometallurgy (leaching) dengan variasi
jenis asam (HNO3 dan CH3COOH), konsentrasi asam (0,25; 0,5; 0,75; 1; 1,25 M),
solid to liquid ratio (10; 15; 20; 25; 30 g/L) dan temperatur leaching (40; 50; 60;
70; 80ºC) untuk menemukan parameter optimum pada leaching asam anorganik
dan organik. Hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) 1,7% volume pada leaching HNO3 dan 4%
volume pada leaching CH3COOH digunakan sebagai oksidator yang efektif
meningkatkan efisiensi leaching. Kondisi optimum leaching anorganik (HNO3)
didapatkan pada 0,75M HNO3 + 1,7% volume H2O2, solid to liquid ratio 20 gr/L,
dan temperatur 60ºC dengan % recovery mencapai 83%; 71,15%; 85,82%; dan
99,76% untuk logam Li, Ni, Mn dan Co secara berurutan. Sedangkan kondisi
optimum leaching organik (CH3COOH) didapatkan pada 1,25M CH3COOH + 4%
volume H2O2, solid to liquid ratio 30 gr/L, dan temperatur 70ºC dengan % recovery
mencapai 87,16%; 64,34%; 82,89%; dan 99,24% untuk logam Li, Ni, Mn dan Co
secara berurutan.
Molarity adjustment dilakukan pada leachate baterai bekas untuk
mendapatkan komposisi katoda Li(Ni0,3Mn0,3Co0,3)O2. Pada penelitian ini
digunakan flame assisted spray pyrolysis untuk sintesis larutan prekursor komersial
dan leachate baterai bekas dengan HNO3 dan CH3COOH. Hasil XRD menunjukkan
dengan perlakuan kalsinasi pada suhu 800ºC selama 6 jam katoda hasil sintesis
dengan metode FASP memiliki tingkat kristalisasi yang baik tanpa terdeteksi
impurities. Morfologi bentuk dan ukuran partikel diteliti dengan pengujian SEM�EDX dan PSA mengungkapkan bahwa sintesis nanopartikel dengan metode flame
assisted spray pyrolysis menunjukkan morfologi bentuk bola dengan agregrat
polikristalin yang khas dan memiliki distribusi ukuran partikel pada rentang 200-
400 nm.
Kata Kunci: Flame Assisted Spray Pyrolysis, Leaching, Recovery, Baterai NMC
bekas.
vi
ABSTRACT
Spent used battery recycling process and metal ion recovery on the cathode
become one of the effective processes to reduce the number of battery waste which
is a serious problem because it contains hazardous substances and its toxic nature
to the environment. In this study, spent used battery cathode recycling involved pre�treatment, hydrometallurgy, molarity adjustment, and synthesis with the flame
assisted spray pyrolysis method. This study aims to synthesis of battery cathode
nanoparticles from. This study aims to synthesize battery cathode nanoparticles
from leachate spent used batteries using inorganic and organic acids.
Battery pre-treatment process begins with discharge, dismantling, cathode
separation, comminution, sieving, and heat treatment (calcination) to remove
binders. Recovery of metal ions Li, Ni, Mn, dan Co with extraction by
hydrometallurgical method (leaching) with various types of acid (HNO3 and
CH3COOH), acid concentration (0,25; 0,5; 0,75; 1; 1,25 M), solid to liquid ratio
(10; 15; 20; 25; 30 g/L) dan leaching temperature (40; 50; 60; 70; 80ºC) to find
the optimum parameters for inorganic dan organic acid leaching. Hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2) 1.7% by volume in HNO3 leaching dan 4% by volume in
CH3COOH leaching was used as an effective oxidizing agent to increase leaching
efficiency. The optimum condition of inorganic leaching (HNO3) was found at
0,75M HNO3 + 1.7% by volume H2O2, solid to liquid ratio of 20gr/L, dan
temperature of 60ºC with %recovery reaching 83%; 71,15%; 85,82%; dan 99,76%
for Li, Ni, Mn dan Co metals, respectively. While the optimum conditions for
organic leaching (CH3COOH) were found at 1,25M CH3COOH + 4% volume
H2O2, solid to liquid ratio 30gr/L, dan temperature 70ºC with % recovery reaching
87,16%; 64,34%; 82,89%; dan 99,24% for Li, Ni, Mn and Co metals, respectively.
Molarity adjustment was carried out on the spent used battery leachate to
obtain the cathode composition of Li(Ni0,3Mn0,3Co0,3)O2. In this study, flame�assisted spray pyrolysis was used for the synthesis of commercial precursor
solutions and spent used battery leachate with HNO3 and CH3COOH. XRD results
showed that the calcination at 800ºC for 6 hours affect the cathode that synthesized
by FASP method had a good crystallization rate without detecting impurities. The
morphology of the shape and size studied by SEM-EDX and PSA tests revealed
that the synthesis of nanoparticles by the flame assisted spray pyrolysis method
showed a spherical morphology with typical polycrystalline aggregates and had a
particle size distribution in the range of 200-400nm.
Keywords: Flame Assisted Spray Pyrolysis, Leaching, Recovery, Spent NMC
Batteries.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Flame Assisted Spray Pyrolysis, Leaching, Recovery, Spent NMC Batteries. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Engineering Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Eko Yuli |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Sep 2022 02:21 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Sep 2022 02:21 |
| URI: | http://eprints.upnyk.ac.id/id/eprint/31011 |
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