Renza, Dina Mutia (2024) POTENSI PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH CAIR SAWIT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SIFAT KIMIA DAN FISIK TANAH DI AREA KEBUN KELAPA SAWIT PT. SMART TBK. Other thesis, UPN Veteran Yogyakarta.
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Abstract
Potensi Penggunaan Limbah Cair Sawit untuk Meningkatkan
Sifat Kimia dan Fisik Tanah di Area Kebun Kelapa Sawit PT. SMART Tbk
Oleh:
Dina Mutia Renza
114200028
INTISARI
Hasil produksi dan proses pengolahan PT. SMART Tbk yang tinggi
mengakibatkan melimpahnya limbah cair dihasilkan oleh pabrik sehingga menjadi
permasalahan. Limbah tersebut berpotensi merusak lingkungan, namun PT. SMART Tbk
menggunakan limbah cair tersebut di area kebun kelapa sawit menjadi land application.
Aktivitas tersebut akan berdampak pada sifat kimia dan fisik tanah, karena karakteristik
limbah cair sawit memiliki kandungan organik sangat tinggi, kekeruhan warna, serta
bersuhu tinggi. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan mekanisme perhitungan debit, rotasi dan dosis
untuk memaksimalkan penggunaan limbah cair sawit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk
mengetahui karakteristik limbah cair sawit PT. SMART Tbk. Sehingga diketahui potensi
penggunaan limbah cair sawit untuk meningkatkan sifat kimia dan fisik tanah serta
pengaruh terhadap hasil produksi dengan membandingkan area kebun penggunaan pupuk
NPK dengan area kebun penggunaan limbah cair sawit kemudian di tentukan arahan
teknis pengelolaannya.
Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan survei lapangan dan pengujian laboratorium
pada sampel limbah cair sawit dan sampel tanah. Pengambilan sampel melalui teknik grab
sampling. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan pada kedalaman 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-
60 cm, 60-80 cm, 80-100 cm dan 100-120 cm. Pengujian sampel tanah dilakukan uji sifat
kimia tanah meliputi pH, N, P, K, Ca dan Mg serta uji sifat fisik tanah meliputi porositas
dan permeabilitas tanah. Data-data yang telah dihasilkan kemudian diolah dan dianalisis
secara matematis dengan perhitungan dan analisis deskriptif selanjutnya perolehan data di
bandingkan dengan baku mutu PERGUB SUMUT No. 35 Tahun 2007 dan klasifikasi
kesuburan tanah oleh pusat penelitian tanah (1983) dalam Teapon dan Hadun (2018).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik limbah cair sawit terdapat parameter
yang tidak sesuai baku mutu PERGUB SUMUT No. 35 Tahun 2007 meliputi parameter
COD, Minyak dan Lemak, N, P, K, dan Ca. Sifat kimia dan fisik tanah antara area kebun
kelapa sawit penggunaan pupuk NPK dengan area kebun penggunaan limbah cair sawit
mengalami perbedaan, area kebun penggunaan pupuk NPK termasuk dalam klasifikasi
sangat rendah sedangkan area kebun penggunaan limbah cair sawit termasuk dalam
klasifikasi sedang. Pada sifat fisik tanah antara kedua lahan memiliki porositas kurang
baik dan permeabilitas agak lambat. Hasil produksi kebun penggunaan limbah cair lebih
tinggi sebanyak 1.111,76 sedangkan kebun penggunaan pupuk NPK sebanyak 927,59 ton.
Pada rekomendasi arahan pengelolaan dilakukan dengan mekanisme perhitungan debit,
rotasi dan dosis diharapkan dapat memaksimalkan penggunaan limbah cair sawit.
Kata Kunci: Limbah Cair Sawit, Land Application, Sifat Kimia, Sifat Fisik Tanah
Potential Use of Palm Oil Waste to Improve Chemical and Physical Properties of Soil
in the Palm Oil Plantation Area of PT. SMART Tbk
By:
Dina Mutia Renza
114200028
ABSTRACT
The high production and processing results of PT. SMART Tbk result in an
abundance of liquid waste produced by the factory, which becomes a problem. The waste
has the potential to damage the environment, but PT. SMART Tbk uses the liquid waste in
the oil palm plantation area as a land application. This activity will have an impact on
the chemical and physical properties of the soil, because the characteristics of oil palm
liquid waste have very high organic content, turbid color, and high temperature.
Therefore, a mechanism for calculating discharge, rotation and dosage is needed to
maximize the use of oil palm liquid waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the
characteristics of oil palm liquid waste from PT. SMART Tbk. So that the potential for
using oil palm liquid waste to improve the chemical and physical properties of the soil
and the effect on production results is known by comparing the area of the plantation using
NPK fertilizer with the area of the plantation using oil palm liquid waste, then determining
the technical direction for its management.
The research method was carried out by field surveys and laboratory testing on
liquid palm oil waste samples and soil samples. Sampling was taken using the grab
sampling technique. Soil samples were taken at depths of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm,
60-80 cm, 80-100 cm and 100-120 cm. Soil samples were tested for soil chemical
properties including pH, N, P, K, Ca and Mg as well as soil physical properties including
soil porosity and permeability. The data that has been generated is then processed and
analyzed mathematically with calculations and descriptive analysis, then the data
obtained is compared with the quality standards of PERGUB SUMUT NUMBER. 35 of
2007 and soil fertility classification by the Soil Research Center (1983) in Teapon and
Hadun (2018).
The results of the research show that the characteristics of liquid palm oil waste
have parameters that do not comply with the quality standards of PERGUB NUMUT
NUMBER. 35 of 2007 includes the parameters COD, Oil and Fat, N, P, K, and Ca. The
chemical and physical properties of the soil between the oil palm plantation area using
NPK fertilizer and the plantation area using liquid palm oil waste are different, the
plantation area using NPK fertilizer is included in the very low classification while the
plantation area using liquid palm oil waste is included in the medium classification. The
physical properties of the soil between the two fields have poor porosity and rather slow
permeability. The production results of plantations using liquid waste were higher at
1,111.76, while plantations using NPK fertilizer were 927.59 tons. The recommended
management direction is carried out using a mechanism for calculating discharge,
rotation and dosage, which is expected to maximize the use of liquid palm oil waste.
Keywords: Palm Oil Waste, Land Application, Chemical Properties, Soil Physical
Properties
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Palm Oil Waste, Land Application, Chemical Properties, Soil Physical Properties |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Engineering Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Eko Yuli |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Sep 2024 03:52 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Sep 2024 03:52 |
| URI: | http://eprints.upnyk.ac.id/id/eprint/41270 |
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