BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE (BRI) CHINA DI SRI LANKA: ANALISIS DEBT-TRAP DIPLOMACY

MURDANINGTYAS, LUNGMAS AGATA (2024) BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE (BRI) CHINA DI SRI LANKA: ANALISIS DEBT-TRAP DIPLOMACY. Other thesis, UPN Veteran Yogyakarta.

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Abstract

iv
ABSTRAK
Selama ini terdapat banyak perdebatan mengenai apakah proyek BRI China di Sri Lanka
merupakan suatu bentuk debt-trap diplomacy. Penelitian sebelumnya mengenai BRI China di Sri
Lanka lebih banyak berfokus pada proyek Pelabuhan Hambantota sebagai kasus debt-trap
diplomacy China di Sri Lanka. Namun demikian, penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya tidak banyak
menaruh perhatian pada proyek-proyek BRI yang lain seperti proyek Colombo Internasional
Financial City (CIFC) dan proyek Mattala Rajapaksa Internasional Airport (MRIA). Penelitian
ini mengkaji 3 proyek utama BRI China di Sri Lanka, tidak hanya proyek Pelabuhan Hambantota,
tetapi juga proyek Colombo Internasional Financial City (CIFC) dan proyek Mattala Rajapaksa
Internasional Airport (MRIA), untuk membuktikan apakah ditemukan indikasi terjadinya debt-
trap diplomacy di dalam tiga proyek BRI China di Sri Lanka tersebut. Untuk mengkaji hal tersebut,
penelitian ini mengajukan 3 indikator utama yang dibangun dari kajian pustaka berdasarkan
publikasi Brahma Chellaney dan tulisan Lee Jones dan Hameiri. Indikator utama tersebut adalah:
(1) apakah ada unsur kesengajaan dari China dalam memberikan pinjaman kepada Sri Lanka
dengan motif untuk mendapatkan aset strategis; (2) apakah ada agenda politik dibalik BRI sebagai
alat untuk mencapai kepentingan politik dan strategis China, dan; (3) apakah ada debt-for equity
swap untuk menghapuskan hutang Sri Lanka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa
berdasarkan 3 indikator tersebut, pada kasus proyek CIFC dan proyek Pelabuhan Hambantota
ditemukan indikasi kuat terjadinya debt-trap diplomacy. Sementara itu, meskipun pada kasus
proyek Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport terdapat indikasi yang lemah akan terjadinya
debt-for-equity swap, tetapi adanya agenda politik yang mendukung kepentingan strategis China
tetap terlihat. Maka dari itu, dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan BRI di Sri
Lanka dapat dikategorikan sebagai bentuk debt-trap diplomacy China.
v
ABSTRACT
There has been a lot of debates on whether China’s Belt and Road Initiatives (BRI) project
in Sri Lanka constitutes a debt-trap diplomacy. Previous research on China's BRI in Sri Lanka
focused more on the Hambantota Port project as a case of China's debt-trap diplomacy. However,
previous studies have not paid much attention to other BRI projects such as the Colombo
International Financial City (CIFC) project and the Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport
(MRIA) project. This research examines China's 3 main BRI projects in Sri Lanka, not only the
Hambantota Port project, but also the Colombo International Financial City (CIFC) project and
the Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport (MRIA) project, to prove whether there are any
indications of debt-trap diplomacy occurring in China's BRI policy in Sri Lanka. To examine this,
this research proposes 3 main indicators built from a literature review based on publication of
Brahma Chellaney, the writing of Lee Jones and Hameiri. The main indicators are: (1) whether
there is an element of deliberate intention from China in providing loans to Sri Lanka with the
motive of obtaining strategic assets; (2) whether there is a political agenda behind BRI as a tool to
achieve China's political and strategic interests, and (3) whether there is a debt-for equity swap to
eliminate debt. Sri Lanka. The results of this research show that based on these 3 indicators, in the
case of the CIFC project and the Hambantota Port project, strong indications of debt-trap
diplomacy were found. Although in the case of the Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport
project, there were weak indications that a debt-for-equity swap will occur, the existence of a
political agenda that supports China's strategic interests remains visible. Therefore, from this
research it can be concluded that the BRI policy in Sri Lanka can be categorized as a form of
China's debt-trap diplomacy.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Law, Arts and Social Sciences > School of Social Sciences
Depositing User:	Eko Yuli
Date Deposited:	31 May 2024 02:57
Last Modified:	31 May 2024 02:57
URI:	http://eprints.upnyk.ac.id/id/eprint/39564

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