KRISNAHADI, (2012) VALUASI EKONOMI DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN PENAMBANGAN EMAS PT MONGONDOW MANDIRI. Masters thesis, UPN ''VETERAN'' YOGYAKARTA.
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Abstract
PT. Mongondow Mandiri merupakan perusahaan pertambangan emas yang berada di Desa Tolondadu I, Kecamatan Bolaang Uki, Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pada tahun 2009, perusahaan berhenti beroperasi. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan perusahaan berhenti beroperasi adalah: Jumlah ore yang seharusnya ditambang sebesar 680 kt, tetapi aktual di lapangan yang dapat ditambang sebesar 151 kt. Recovery dari proses heap leaching yang direncanakan sebesar 60%, tetapi aktual dilapangan yang didapat adalah sekitar 25 – 30%. Rendahnya recovery hasil pengolahan dengan heap leaching diakibatkan terdapatnya kandungan clay yang amat tinggi dalam bijih (60 – 70%). Faktor-faktor tersebut menjadikan biaya produksi dari budget sebesar US$300 per oz emas menjadi hampir US$800 per oz emas. PT. Mongondow Mandiri akan di akuisisi sehingga memerlukan evaluasi tentang adanya biaya tersembunyi (hidden cost) yang muncul karena tidak dilanjutkannya pemantauan dan pengelolaan lingkungan mulai dari berhentinya aktivitas pertambangan bijih emas sampai dimulainya usaha pertambangan baru. Lokasi pemantauan yang mengandung polutan di atas baku mutu antara lain Sungai Bilantunga, outlet polishing pond, Sungai Piger, dan Sungai Tolondadu Hulu sedangkan untuk kualitas air Sungai Moyongo dan Sungai Blangaso masih di bawah baku mutu. Untuk menganalisis nilai dampak pemcemaran, digunakan metode replacement cost (biaya pemulihan) dan metode opportunity cost. Analisis nilai ekonomi dampak pencemaran de facto dengan metode replacement cost (biaya pemulihan) menghasilkan nilai dampak pencemaran pada Sungai Bilantunga sebesar Rp 1.839.105.131,00/tahun; outlet polishing pond sebesar Rp 1.839.105.131,00/tahun; Sungai Piger sebesar Rp 1.648.033.069,00/tahun; dan Sungai Tolondadu Hulu sebesar Rp 2.646.057.276,00/tahun. Analisis nilai ekonomi dampak pencemaran karena kegiatan pertambangan dengan metode replacement cost (biaya pemulihan) menghasilkan: nilai dampak pencemaran Sungai Bilantunga sebesar Rp 1.683.292.431,00/tahun; outlet polishing pond sebesar Rp 4.700.498,00/tahun; Sungai Piger sebesar Rp 1.383.161.152,00/tahun; dan Sungai Tolondadu Hulu sebesar Rp 2.278.855.323,00/tahun. Analisis nilai ekonomi dampak pencemaran memakai metode opportunity cost menghasilkan: nilai ekonomi dampak pencemaran pada persawahan sebesar Rp 1.170.000.000,00/tahun dan nilai ekonomi dampak pencemaran pada perikanan sebesar Rp 16.200.000,00/tahun. Kata kunci: akuisisi, pencemaran lingkungan, nilai dampak pencemaran PT. Mongondow Mandiri is a gold mining company that located in the Tolondadu I Village, Bolaang Uki District, South Mongondow Bolaang Regency, North Sulawesi. In 2009, company stopped their operations. The factors that cause companies to stop operating are: The number of ore should be mined amounted to 680 kt, but the actual on the ground that can be mined at 151 kt. Recovery of the planned heap leaching by 60%, but the actual field obtained is about 25-30%. The low recovery by heap leaching processing results due to the presence of a very high clay content in the ore (60-70%). These factors make the cost of production budget of U.S. $ 300 per oz of gold become up to U.S. $ 800 per oz of gold. PT. Mongondow Mandiri will in acquisitions that require the evaluation of any hidden costs arising from the discontinuance of monitoring and environmental management from the end of gold ore mining activities until the start of a new mining activities. Monitoring location that contain pollutants above standards include Bilantunga River, outlet polishing pond, Piger River, and Tolondadu Hulu River while the Moyongo River and Blangaso River water quality still below standard. To analyze the value, replacement cost method and the opportunity cost method are used. Analysis economic value of environmental impact pollution de facto using replacement cost method yields the value of environmental impact pollution worth Rp 1.839.105.131,00/year on the Bilantunga River; Rp 1.839.105.131,00/year on the outlet polishing pond; Rp 1.648.033.069,00/year on the Piger River; and Rp 2.646.057.276,00/year on the Tolondadu Hulu River. Analysis economic value of environmental impact pollution because of mining activity using replacement cost method yields: Bilantunga river pollution impact value of Rp 1.683.292.431,00/year; Rp 4.700.498,00/year at outlet polishing pond; Rp 1.383.161.152,00/year at Piger River; and Rp 2.278.855.323,00/year at Tolondadu Hulu River. Analysis economic value of the environmental impact using opportunity cost method adapted with quality standards: the economic impact of pollution on rice field is Rp 1.170.000.000,00/year and economic value of the environmental impact on the fisheries is Rp 16.200.000,00/year. Keywords: acquisitions, environmental pollution, pollution impact value
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Engineering Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Erny Azyanti |
| Date Deposited: | 18 May 2016 06:05 |
| Last Modified: | 18 May 2016 06:05 |
| URI: | http://eprints.upnyk.ac.id/id/eprint/1448 |
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